The Role of Immunohistochemical expression of Claudin-1 on Activated Parietal Epithelial Cells of the Glomerular Tuft To Differentiate Early Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis from Minimal Change Disease

Abstract

Primary FSGS is responsible for approximately 10%–15% of the cases of NS in children and 20%–30% in adults (Kambham, 2018). The incidence of primary FSGS has grown and it is now the leading cause of steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) in both children and adults. Primary FSGS progresses to ESRD in about 50% of patients within 10 years of clinical onset (Mason, 2014). It accounts for about 4% of all end stage renal diseases, so steroids alone are not enough; in addition it needs more intense immunosuppression for its management (Kambham, 2018).