Comparative Study between Ketamin and Magnesium Sulfate as Adjuvant to Bupivacaine in Ultrasound Guided Supra-Clavicular Brachial Plexus Block

Abstract

Addition of ketamin and magnesium sulfate to bupivacaine in supraclavicular block decreases the onset of sensory and motor block by statistically significant values but ketamine decreased onset more than magnesium. The duration of sensory block was prolonged statistcaly significant in ketamine group in comparison to magnesium and control group, duration of motor block were nearly prolonged but not statisticaly significant when ketamine and magnesium sulfate were added to bupivacaine used in the block these effects were more prominent in group K with using ketamine. No significant clinical changes regarding intraoperative hemodynamic parameters included heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure. ketamine and magnesium sulfate caused better quality of postoperative analgesia with lower levels of visual analogue Pain scale and more stable hemodynamic parameters, also caused statistically significant longer duration of postoperative analgesia with lower analgesic consumption when added to bupivacaine in supraclvicular block and these effects were more prominent in group K.