Incidence of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation in Haemodialysis Patients

Abstract

emodialysis is a process of removal of waste products and toxic substances from the body using an extracorporeal system. During the procedure, lots of hemodynamic and metabolic changes occur in the body. Hemodialysis patients usually experienced cardiovascular disorders, cardiovascular mortality accounts for about 50% of total mortality. The incidence and prevalence of AF in patients with ESRD appears to be increasing due to the effects of increasing age in the ESRD. Factors causes AF in dialysis patients include: age, presence of coronary heart disease, echocardiographic abnormalities (low ejection fraction, atrial enlargement, valvular calcification, left ventricular hypertrophy), heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, stroke, malnutrition (low levels of albumin, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), secondary hyperparathyroidism, low pre dialysis systolic blood pressure, duration of renal replacement therapy.