The Effect of Trifolium Pratense and Cicer Arietinum Extracts on the Mandibular Alveolar Bone and periodontal ligaments of Ovariectomized Albino Rats “Histological and Immunohistochemical Study”

Abstract

Osteoporosis (OP) is a medical condition characterized by low bone density and micro-architectural deterioration of bone (Dehyim et al., 2006). The most common type of OP is related to the lack of ovarian hormones "estrogen deficiency" (Occhiuto et al., 2007). Estrogen therapy which is a HRT is effective in the prevention and treatment of estrogen deficiency. Although, popular but its use remains controversial, as it is associated with high risk cancer (breast, ovaries and endometrial) and fails to relieve some menopausal symptoms (hot flashes, cardiovascular disease, weight gain and night sweats) (Bowring et al., 2011). Phytoestrogens are diphenolic, non-steroidal estrogen-like substances found in all plants with the highest concentrations being in legumes. They are hormone-like substances that can affect human health positively or negatively.