Effect of pre-transplantation serum Activin-A and at day 28 post-transplantation on outcomes in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Abstract

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is an established treatment for a variety of malignant and nonmalignant hematological diseases, but its curative effect may be discounted by many risks that are related to transplant-related morbidity and mortality. Although improvement of the outcome has been achieved in recent decades via advances in many procedures, such as the prevention of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), infectious complications remain an important contributor to transplant-related mortality. The main causes of non-relapsing mortality (NRM) after allogeneic HSCT are infection and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). However, little is known about the causes of NRM, and the incidence of acute and chronic GVHD (aGVHD, cGVHD) in these patients. TGF is a tumor suppressor induces apoptosis or autophagy, inhibits cell cycle, as well as the expression of growth factor, cytokines and chemokines. Many mutations in genes encoding receptors and decreased expression of components of the TGF pathway are documented in carcinoma. Additionally, the lack or downregulation of TRI, TRII, or SMADs is often associated with a worse prognosis.