ASSESSMENT OF BIODIVERSITY AMONG SOME SESAME GENOTYPES ON THE MOLECULAR LEVEL

Abstract

This study was conducted at the Laboratories of both the Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Shoubra El- Kheima, Egypt and The Cell Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt during the period of 2017- 2020. The aim of this study was to determine the variation among thirty sesame accessions and two cultivars on the morphological level, oil contents and to clarify some molecular markers using ISSR, SRAP techniques for genetic diversity. The results could be summarized as follows: 1. Five yield–related traits were studied in 32 sesame genotypes. Analysis of variance and the recent multiple range tests by LSD showed major variations between all the characteristics tested (p > 0.05). 2. Mean values showed significant differences among all studied genotypes, Shandaweel 3 were the highest plant height (220 cm), while the genotype Qena5-85 recorded the shortest plant height (100 cm). Asyut-71 was the heaviest shoot fresh weight accession (802.2 g), while Aswan1-82 genotype was the lightest one (99.5 g). The genotype Sohag1-70 recorded the largest pods no. (75.7), while Al Wadi Al Jadeed1-83 genotype recorded the lowest pods number (10.3). Qena2- 69 genotype scored the heaviest pods weight value (202.6 g), while genotypes Behera-81 was the lightest accession (32.2 g). Ismailia2-77 and Qena2-69 recorded the highest oil content (60.17 % and 60%), while Qena1-68 and Minya2-93 recorded the lowest value of oil content (40.53% and 44.3%). Inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) 1. Eleven ISSR primers were used to assess the biodiversity among thirty- two sesame genotypes.