HIGH FLOW NASAL OXYGEN THERAPY VERSUS CONVENTIONAL OXYGEN THERAPY & NON-INVASIVE MECHANICAL VENTILATION IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE & POST MECHANICAL VENTILATION

Abstract

Administration of oxygen is an essential support measure to maintain proper tissue oxygenation in patients with acute respiratory failure (Oriol et al., 2010). Several devices for oxygen delivery are available in critically ill patients, such as high concentration reservoir mask, simple face mask, venturi mask, and nasal cannula (O'Driscoll et al., 2008). HFNC is a new technological device in a high-flow oxygen system that consists of an air-oxygen blender, which allows from 0.21 to 1.00 FIO2 and which generates a gas flow of up to 55 L/min, and a heated humidification system (Ricard, 2012). The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency, tolerability, and outcome of oxygen therapy using HFNC in patients with acute respiratory failure and post mechanical ventilation patients in comparison to NIV and conventional oxygen devices. The current study recruited a total number of one-hundred-and-fifteen patients. They were classified into two groups. Group A consisted of sixty-nine patients with respiratory failure not candidate for intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation, subdivided into 3 subgroups, Group A1 included twenty-three patients underwent treatment with HFNC, Group A2 included twenty-three patients underwent treatment with conventional oxygen devices and Group A3 included twenty-three patients underwent treatment with NIV. Meanwhile, Group B consisted of forty-six extubated post mechanical ventilation patients and were subdivided into two subgroups, Groups B1 included twenty-three patients underwent treatment with HFNC and Group B2 included twenty-three patients underwent treatment with conventional oxygen devices. All patients were subjected to arterial blood gases, Borg Dyspnea Scale, Respiratory Distress Observation Scale, vital data and assessment of comfort at multiple time points of oxygen therapy period.