Use of Curcumin-Loaded Polyvinylpyrrolidone in Conjunction With Surgical Treatment of Intrabony Periodontal Defects ‘Controlled Clinical and Biochemical Study’

Abstract

Introduction: One of the major problems with curcumin topical therapy is its bioavailability in the gingival crevicular fluid in order to induce predictable effects. This study was conducted in order to evaluate the release pattern of curcumin in the gingival crevicular fluid from polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a sustained release vehicle. Clinical impact of curcumin-loaded (PVP) in conjunction with surgical treatment of intrabony periodontal defects was also evaluated. Methods: Twenty-four patients having stage II or stage III, grade A periodontitis, were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: group I: periodontal defects were treated by open flap debridement alone; group II: defects were treated by open flap debridement followed by application of curcumin-loaded (PVP) (2%curcumin). Clinical parameters were recorded 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Radiographic measurements were recorded 6 months postsurgically. The release profile of curcumin was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Curcumin availability was reported for up to 30 days. Results: Clinical results demonstrated statistically significant reduction in probing depth and gain in clinical attachment level for group II sites compared to group I. Gradual release of curcumin was detected in a descending manner over 14 days. Radiographic examination from baseline to 6 months showed a statistically significant bone fill in group II compared to that of group I. Conclusions: The use of curcumin-loaded PVP in association with open flap debridement of intrabony periodontal defects leads to prolonged curcumin availability associated with a significant reduction in probing depth, gain in clinical attachment level, and bone fill compared to open flap debridement alone.