Economic Analysis of the Impact of Price Policies on the Production of Maize in Egypt

Abstract

The maize crop is one of the most important grain crops in Egypt. The problem is that there is a food gap of white and yellow maize estimated at 6,325,000 tons as an average for the period (2005-2020) representing about 45.5% of consumer needs during the same period studied, and to fill this gap the state imports maize from abroad, which increases the pressure on the balance of payments. The research aims primarily to analyze some agricultural price policies for the maize crop in Egypt using the partial balance model. The most important results were that The production indicators represented by area and production have taken an increasing general trend and have been proven statistical morality, while the productivity of the field has decreased and the statistical morality of the decrease in the summer maize has not been demonstrated. Economic indicators of the farm price, total revenue, total costs and net return have also shown an increasing general trend, which has been shown to be statistically moral, for the summer and nile maize. The average change in government revenues for maize in Egypt during the period (2000-2020) was about 1.262 billion pounds, with losses ranging from a minimum of about 0.710 billion pounds in 2008, and a maximum of about 14,836 billion pounds in 2017, while government revenues achieved a surplus ranging from a minimum of about 1.598 billion pounds in 2015, and a maximum of about 9.265 billion pounds in 2014. The loss of government revenue may be due to increased domestic demand from domestic maize supply and consequently increased import volumes. The return on government revenue is due to an increase in domestic maize supply and consequently a decrease in the volume of maize imports.