The effect of nanoparticles of in vitro propagation of seedling male date palm by immature inflorescences

Abstract

The effect of nano silver and nano chitosan particles on sterilization, Fe & Zn nanoparticles on callus formation of immature inflorescence of date palm seedling male during the establishment stage were investigated with immersion and adding to MS culture medium. The lowest total contamination percentage and the highest survival percentage were achieved with nano silver particles at 200 mg/l, and nano chitosan at 150, and 200 mg/l. The lowest contamination % recorded in medium culture containing silver nanoparticles at 4 mg/l with NAA at 100 mg/l and chitosan nanoparticles at 4 mg/l with 2,4-D at 100 mg/l. The optimum callus formation percentage and callus size were obtained on MS medium supplemented with picloram at 8 mg/l. The highest callus weight and size were showed with NAA at 10 mg/l, 2ip at 6 mg/l & Kin at 6 mg/l during callus proliferation. Seedling male in multiplication stage, the highest number of shoot / culture were occurred on MS medium culture supplemented with Fe nano particles at 20.8 mg/l and with other treatment by MS medium culture by Fe nano particles at 27.8 mg/l and Zn nano particles at 4.3 mg/l in the first subculture without any significant differences among them. The highest average shoot length (cm) was obtained with MS medium containing Fe nano particles at 27.8 mg/l and the treatment with MS medium supplemented by Fe nano particles at 20.8 mg/l and Zn nano particles at 4.3 mg/l in the first subculture without any significantly differences among them. Impact of interaction among cytokinins and auxin concentration, revealed that, the highest number of shoots / culture were achieved with NAA at 2.0 mg/l, 2ip at 4 mg/l, kin at 4mg/l during the 1 st, 2 nd & 3 rd subcultures, respectively. In rooting stage, the highest rooting percentage and number of roots/ microshoots were recorded with MS containing NAA at 0.5 mg/l. The highest survival percentages in acclimatization stage were occurred with medium mixtures of sand: peat: vermiculite: perlite at (1:2: 1:1) and (2: 1: 1:1), respectively.