Diagnostic potential of 0xidative stress indicators in Egyptian type 1 diabetic children and adolescents

Abstract

In diabetes mellitus, persistence of hyperglycemia was reported to cause increased production of oxidative parameters as well as defects in antioxidant defense system. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the levels of selected oxidation and antioxidation indicators in relevance to diabetic microvascular complications (MVC) and determine the impact of glycemic control on such parameters. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured by spectrophotometric method and plasma advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) by ELISA, as oxidants,two antioxidant parameters were also measured, glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx) by spectrophotometric method and plasma α-tocopherol (vitamin E) by HPLC, in blood samples from 45 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (twenty five patients without MVC and twenty with complications). Thirty age-matched healthy subjects were included as control group. Diabetic patients with or without complications have got higher serum MDA (p<0.0001) and plasma AOPP (p=0.004) concentrations when compared with controls. There was significant decrease in the mean plasma vitamin E level (p=0.002 and p=0.009) for diabetics with and without MVC respectively, and reduced blood GPx activity (p=0.001) for both groups when compared to healthy subjects. Putting the two patients' groups into comparison, diabetic patients with MVC showed significantly higher mean plasma AOPP (p= 0.004), and lower mean GPx (p= 0.012) levels. In correlation analysis of HbA1c to oxidative stress parameters, significant correlations were detected with the two oxidants (MDA and AOPP), but such correlations were not found for antioxidants. Multiple regression analysis revealed that both BMI and HbA1c have exerted an influence on plasma AOPP and serum MDA concentrations. In addition, serum cholesterol was found to exert an independent effect on MDA accumulation. © 2009, INSInet Publication.