Study of COVID-19 confirmed cases in isolation hospital in (Hurghada General Hospital)

Abstract

Background and purpose The WHO declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak a global public health emergency on January 30, 2020, and the word ‘pandemic’ was first used to describe the disease’s global spread in March of that year. Chronic lung disease (19.2% was the most common co-occurring condition with COVID-19), at 20.8%, followed by chronic kidney disease (20.8%), and then cardiovascular disease (60.9%). This research aimed to assess the prognosis of COVID-19 confirmed cases receiving isolation care at Hurghada General Hospital. Study design An observational study that was retrospective and cross-sectional. Setting Isolation department in Hurghada General Hospital. Patients We included 122 patients with COVID-19 infection, and classified them into two independent groups: the improvement group (93 patients), and the morbidity (complication) and mortality group (29 patients). Methods Clinical data (COVID-19 symptoms and vital signs), laboratory data (complete blood count, C-reactive protein, ferritin level in the blood, hepatic and renal functions tests, coagulation profile, and level of D-dimer), radiological data (computed tomography of the chest), and drug and antibiotic data were collected from all patients. The following parameters were assessed in each patient: length of hospital stay, ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, morbidity (complication), mortality, improvement, and discharge. Results Patients’ average age in the sample was 55 ± 16.3 years. Regarding patients’ respective sexes, 55.7% of patients were females, while 44.3% were males. Regarding the final outcome data, the average length of hospital stay was 9.2 ± 6.2 days, with 33.6% of patients having ICU admission, 9% were ventilated, morbidity(16.4%) (complication) (4.9% psychological and neurological disorders, 3.3% post-COVID oxygen-dependent therapy, 8.2% renal impairment), and mortality (7.4%), while 76.2% had improved and discharged. Logistic regression results demonstrated that the increase in age, BMI, lactate dehydrogenase, D-dimer, computed tomography chest affection, and COVID-19 severity (according to clinical, laboratory and radiological data); added to the risk of needing to be admitted to a hospital’s ICU on its own (P<0.05, respectively). Decreases in oxygen saturation, urea, and prothrombin time were found to independently increase the likelihood of ICU admission in a logistic regression analysis (P<0.05). Conclusion We conclude that age and comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and lung fibrosis are strongly related to adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients admitted to the Hurghada Isolation Hospital. It was also more likely that those patients would develop acute respiratory distress syndrome or severe pneumonia. Strict treatment protocol and isolation lead to better outcomes.