Estimating the Multiple Pesticide Residues in Grapes and their Associated Health Risks for Egyptian Consumer

Abstract

The research was conducted to apply a reliable analytical procedure for monitoring pesticides in fresh grapes by GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS systems. A total number of 466 pesticide residues in the 175 fresh grape samples gathered from different various markets across two Egyptian governorates (Cairo and Giza) through 2020 to 2021. In general, the average pesticide residue levels recorded in the targeted grape samples varied from 0.01 - 0.258 and 0.01 - 0.088 mg kg−1, respectively. Data indicated that the detection of pesticide residues in Cairo and Giza samples is at higher levels than the Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs) and represents frequency percentages, ranging from 0.87 - 4.35% and 1.67 - 8.33%, respectively. The lowest percentage of acute risk (%ARfD) and chronic risk (%ADI) were recorded with all detected pesticides in grapes, ranged from 0.004 - 30 and 0.001 - 53.33 % in (Cairo) and from 0.006 - 7.5 and 0.011 - 16.67% in (Giza), respectively. Further data showed that all detected pesticides residues in/on grapes had no potential health risk individually, as their %ARfD and %ADI values were below (100%). Therefore, all identified pesticides were found to pose no potential health risk (HR) and/or hazard associated with human consumption of grapes from targeted markets in two governorates.