An Analytical Study of The Production and Consumption of Some Oil Crops in The Arab Republic of Egypt

Abstract

Egypt suffers from a large food gap in vegetable oils due to the increased demand for them as a result of the continuous increase in population on the one hand, and the decrease in local production Cultivated with oil crops, where it reached by about 28.22 thousand tons during the study period on the other hand, as well as the decrease in the area of agricultural land, It reached about 28.25 thousand acres on average during the period (2001-2020, and the research aims to study the current situation of production and consumption of vegetable oils by identifying the development of the amount of local production of vegetable oils, the amount of pure food, and the size of the oil gap from soybean oils and sunflower oils. The most important results were found to be a decrease in the amount of local oil production by 30.7 thousand tons at an annual rate of 6% of the average total amount of local production of oils by 670 thousand tons. The cultivation of soybeans was also concentrated in the Minya Governorate by 74.6% of the total cultivated area in Egypt. Then Beni Suef Governorate came in second place in terms of soybean crop cultivation with a rate of 10.4%, then Assiut Governorate came in third place with 5% of the total area of the governorates planted with soybeans, and sunflower crop cultivation was concentrated in Nubaria Governorate with a rate of 26.5% of the total cultivated area. In Egypt, then Beheira Governorate comes in second place in terms of sunflower cultivation with a rate of 24.3%, then Fayoum Governorate comes in third place with a rate of 17.2% of the total area of the governorates cultivated with sunflower crops. The amount of pure food made from vegetable oils also increased by 56.49 thousand tons, at a rate of 5.4% of the average total amount of pure food, estimated at about 1114.7 thousand tons. The import of sunflower oil to Egypt from Russia ranked first and represented about 40% of the import values of sunflower oil out of the total. Countries from which Egypt imports Ukraine comes in second place and represents about 36% of the amount of sunflower oil imported, then comes the country of Argentina and represents about 20.51% of the amount of sunflower oil imported, and imports of soybean oil from the country of Argentina are also concentrated and are It ranks first in terms of importing soybean oil with a rate of 79%, then Brazil comes in second place and represents about 18.8% of the amount of imported soybean oil out of the total number of countries in the world, then the United States comes in third place and represents about 8.18% of the amount of imported soybean oil. Of the total countries in the world