SINGLE AND COMBINED EFFECT OF GRAPE SEED EXTRACT AND NANOHYDROXYAPATITE ON REMINERALIZATION OF BLEACHED ENAMEL

Abstract

……………………………………………………………… Aim: to evaluate the single and combined effect of Grape Seed Extract and nanoHydroxyApatite on surface topography and calcium content of bleached enamel using Scanning electron microscope and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis. Materials and methods: 35 maxillary first premolars were assigned to five groups, seven premolars each. According to the procedure done: Group I (control group), group II (bleached), group III (bleached treated with grape seed extract), group IV (bleached treated with nanohydroxyapatite), and group V (bleached treated with both materials). After that teeth of each group were left in artificial saliva for 24hrs. Results: Both groups III & IV revealed less pronounced perikymata ridges and grooves and precipitations scattered on rodless enamel or caused partial occlusion of enamel rod ends. Group V enamel rod ends were small in diameter so appear as pitting on the surface of the enamel. Another variant presented almost homogenous deposition of the precipitates covered most of the enamel surface leading to almost occluded enamel rod ends that could hardly be identified. Energy-Dispersive X-ray Analysis showed that Ca mean weight percentage of group V were similar to group I with no statistical significant difference while it was significantly higher than group II while groups III & IV Ca mean weight percentages were significantly lower than the control group (group I) while there was no significant difference when compared to the bleached group (group II). Conclusion: it was found that combining Grape Seed Extract and nanoHydroxyApatite encouraged remineralization after tooth demineralization by a bleaching agent.