Relationship between smoking and cardiovascular disease

Abstract

Background: In recent years, smoking has become one of the most important health problems, with the number of smokers increasing annually . Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world . Cigarette smoking increases the incidence of many cardiovascular disease incidents such as myocardial infarction and fatal coronary artery diseases. Aim: This study aims to analyze the relationship between smoking and cardiovascular disease in internal medicine patients at Ain Shams University hospitals during the year 2025 ( from may to august ) . Methods: The study used the observational analytic method with a case- control design , study conducted among 500 random double blinded cardiology patients at the AIN SHAMS UNIVERSITY internal medicine hospital ( 400 smokers and 100 non smokers patients ) , Data were collected via hospital documents . Results:The study observed a significant prevalence of Ischemic Heart Disease and Valvular Disorders (Stenosis/Regurgitation) among older smokers, necessitating surgical interventions like Prosthetic Valve Replacement and Catheterization. On the other hand smoking can increase risk of deep venous thrombosis ( DVT ) in early ages . Conclusion: smoking remains one of the most pervasive health hazards in modern society, acting as a primary driver for cardiovascular morbidity and premature mortality .