Protective Role of Some Traditional Herbs on Trichloroacetic Acid Induced-Toxicity in Experimental Animals

Abstract

The present work was planned to evaluate the ameliorating effects of salvia officinalis (sage) leaves and/or foeniculum vulgare (fennel) seeds water extracts on trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-induced toxicity in experimental rats. Fifty six adult male albino rats were subjected to experimentation. The animals were divided into 8 groups. All groups were fed on a balanced diet and administered their respective doses daily for 42 days. Group (1) considered as control (negative control, given placebo); groups (2, 3 ,4) were given sage extract, fennel extract and mixed of them, respectively, at a dose of 10 ml infusion /kg b. wt orally + tap water ad libitum; group (5) rats were given TCA at a dose of 0.2 % in drinking water ad libitum (positive control); groups (6, 7, 8) were given TCA at a dose of 0.2 % in drinking water ad libitum plus extracts of sage, fennel or mixed of them, respectively, at a dose of 10 ml infusion /kg/ b. wt. orally. Data obtained showed that, TCA intoxication caused a significant increase in the activities of (aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acid phosphatase (ACP)), urea and creatinine levels. Also, the levels of triacylglycerols (TAG) and very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-C) were increased in TCA-treated rats with a significant decrease in high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) compared to healthy control group. On the other hand, the intoxication with TCA caused significant increase in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum, brain and kidney when compared to healthy control group. The antioxidant status as reduced glutathione (GSH) in blood, brain and kidney of TCA intoxicated rats showed a significant decrease with an increase in serum, brain and kidney catalase (CAT) compared to healthy control group. Sage and/or fennel improved the liver and kidneys functions with some amelioration of the disturbed lipid profile. Also, reduced the oxidative stress in blood, brain and kidney that was induced by TCA. Moreover, the histopathological examination of liver showed that the herbal extract have an ameliorative effect on the liver cells that was affected by TCA administration.

Keywords: Trichloroacetic acid, sage leaves extract, fennel seeds extract, antioxidant status.