Effects of dietary consumption of garlic on delaying cataract induced by sodium selenite in rats

Abd El-Razek F.; El-Sheikh, Nora; Kholeif T.; Al-Balkini M.; Gomaa A.; Hassan H.;

Abstract


Commercial garlic is widely used for certain therapeutic purposes, including cardiovascular disorders, anti-microbial, anti-cancer, and treatment of hyperglycemia. Garlic posses a strong antioxidant protective effect by its ability to scavenge free radicals. Several studies reported the correction of serum lipid profile in response to consumption of garlic powder, thus assumed to have a protective effect against atherosclerosis. The present study aims to investigate the role of dietary consumption of garlic on delaying or protecting from cataract formation. Materials and Methods: Twenty seven Wister rat pups were divided into four groups. Group one (n=6) received basal diet and served as control. The rats in group 2 (n=8) were injected subcutaneously with sodium selenite (30μmol/kg body weight) to induce cataract and fed on basal diet. Group 3 (n=6) were given 5% garlic powder added to their basal diet. Group 4 selenite-induced cataract (n=7) also administered 5% garlic powder in their basal diet. Development of cataract was assessed one week later, and its density was graded by slit lamp biomicroscopy. Total phenolic compounds of garlic were determined. After the end of experiment (two months), all rats were fasted overnight. Blood samples were collected from the eye vein and then the crystalline lenses were excised. All planned samples were prepared as will be described. The levels of serum lipid profiles were determined. The antioxidants and oxidative stress parameters such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide were assessed. Fas ligand (FAS-L) as apoptotic marker was also assessed in the blood and lens. The crystalline lens protein patterns on sodium dodocyle sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) were identified and analyzed by computerized program. Results: All control rat lenses were clear. Development of cataract was reduced by 85.7% in the group supplemented with 5% garlic. Selenite induced cataract group developed bilateral complete opacification. The consumption of 5% garlic in cataractous group led to significant decrease in serum total lipids (15.5%), total cholesterol (TC) 10.3%, triacylglycerol (TAG) 26.7%, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) 19.5%. There was a significant increase in the level of serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) 18.0% when compared to selenite-induced cataract group. Also significant decrease in the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione and total antioxidants. A significant increase in the levels of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide and Fas-L were noticed in cataractous group when compared to control group. The levels of all previous parameters were improved after treatment with 5% garlic. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that garlic inhibits selenite-induced cataract formation by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress and act as anti-apoptotic agent that can delay progress of cataract formation.


Other data

Title Effects of dietary consumption of garlic on delaying cataract induced by sodium selenite in rats
Authors Abd El-Razek F. ; El-Sheikh, Nora ; Kholeif T. ; Al-Balkini M. ; Gomaa A. ; Hassan H. 
Keywords Garlic- selenite-induced cataract- phenolic compounds- oxidative stress-lipid profile-Fas-L- nitric oxide- delay cataract
Issue Date 1-Aug-2011
Source 1
Journal Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 
ISSN 1991-8178
DOI https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/80053199985
Scopus ID 2-s2.0-80053199985

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