Biodiesel production via stearic acid esterification over mesoporous ZrO2/SiO2 catalysts synthesized by surfactant-assisted sol-gel auto-combustion route
Hala R. Mahmoud; El_Molla, Sahar; Marwa M. Ibrahim;
Abstract
Biodiesel production from the esterification of stearic acid with ethanol catalyzed by the mesoporous
ZrO2/SiO2 catalysts which successfully synthesized by surfactant-assisted sol-gel auto-combustion
method. These catalysts were characterized by various physico-chemical techniques such as XRD, BET
surface area measurement, HR-TEM and NH3-TPD. The mesoporous catalyst prepared with cationic
surfactant (ZrSiOC) showed a maximum BET surface area and pore volume. Interestingly, the ZrSiOC
catalyst exhibited the largest acidity value among all catalysts. The results showed that the mesoporous
ZrO2/SiO2 catalysts prepared with cationic (ZrSiOC) and non-ionic (ZrSiOT) surfactants demonstrated
higher stearic acid conversion than those with anionic (ZrSiOS) or without surfactant (ZrSiO). Significantly,
the ZrSiOC and ZrSiOT catalysts exhibited the highest conversion of 69.2% and 63.1% at 120 C after
3 h, respectively. Additionally, it was observed that the conversion increased extremely with increasing
the reaction temperature giving a maximum conversion of 76.9% at 125 C by using the most active
catalyst (ZrSiOC). Interestingly, the ZrSiOC catalyst displays suitable recycling as it kept performance of
72.5% after five recycle runs without significant lack in performance. Moreover, the kinetic study
confirmed that esterification follows pseudo first-order equation
ZrO2/SiO2 catalysts which successfully synthesized by surfactant-assisted sol-gel auto-combustion
method. These catalysts were characterized by various physico-chemical techniques such as XRD, BET
surface area measurement, HR-TEM and NH3-TPD. The mesoporous catalyst prepared with cationic
surfactant (ZrSiOC) showed a maximum BET surface area and pore volume. Interestingly, the ZrSiOC
catalyst exhibited the largest acidity value among all catalysts. The results showed that the mesoporous
ZrO2/SiO2 catalysts prepared with cationic (ZrSiOC) and non-ionic (ZrSiOT) surfactants demonstrated
higher stearic acid conversion than those with anionic (ZrSiOS) or without surfactant (ZrSiO). Significantly,
the ZrSiOC and ZrSiOT catalysts exhibited the highest conversion of 69.2% and 63.1% at 120 C after
3 h, respectively. Additionally, it was observed that the conversion increased extremely with increasing
the reaction temperature giving a maximum conversion of 76.9% at 125 C by using the most active
catalyst (ZrSiOC). Interestingly, the ZrSiOC catalyst displays suitable recycling as it kept performance of
72.5% after five recycle runs without significant lack in performance. Moreover, the kinetic study
confirmed that esterification follows pseudo first-order equation
Other data
Title | Biodiesel production via stearic acid esterification over mesoporous ZrO2/SiO2 catalysts synthesized by surfactant-assisted sol-gel auto-combustion route | Authors | Hala R. Mahmoud ; El_Molla, Sahar ; Marwa M. Ibrahim | Keywords | Biodiesel ,Acidity;Esterification ,Mesoporosity;Kinetics ,Surfactant | Issue Date | 24-Jun-2020 | Publisher | Elsevier Ltd | Journal | Renewable Energy | Volume | 160 | Start page | 42 | End page | 51 | ISSN | 09601481 | DOI | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.06.005 |
Recommend this item
Similar Items from Core Recommender Database
Items in Ain Shams Scholar are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.