Effect of Garlic Extract on some Physiological and Immunological Aspects in Malathion and Carbaryl Treated Male Albino Rats

Abstract

Recent studies have focused on the beneficial effects of aged garlic extract (AGE). The present study investigated the modulatory effect of AGE (200 mg/kg of body weight, administrated orally for 30 consecutive days), on pesticides (0.1 of LD50 of malathion and carbaryl, separately or in mixture, administrated orally for 30 consecutive days) toxicity in adult male Wistar albino rats. In addition, the study extended to detect any side effects or metabolic disorders caused by AGE in healthy rats. The results of the present thesis indicated that AGE modulated most of the side effects induced by malathion and carbaryl (separately or in mixture) on body and relative organs (liver, spleen, thymus and kidney) weights, cellularity of lymphoid organs (bone marrow, spleen and thymus), serum glucose and

 protein levels, and serum lipid profile (total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels and atherogenic indices. It decreased also the amount of pesticide-residues in renal tissues of carbaryl and carbaryl-containing mixture treated rats. Moreover, AGE modulated the elevation shown in pesticide-treated rats in serum transaminases (AST and ALT), serum alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase as well as blood glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities, and serum total and direct bilirubin, urea, and creatinine levels. It also modulated the decrease in serum and liver GSH levels and cellular immune response as well as the delay in burn-healing shown in pesticide-treated rats. In addition, it modulated the normocytic normochromic anaemia, the alteration in total and differential leucocyte counts, the decrease in platelet count, and the increase in clotting time that were induced by pesticides. No harmful effects were detected in the present study in healthy rats treated with AGE. In conclusion, AGE at 200 mg/kg b.w may be beneficial in enhancing antioxidant activity, improving immune response and decreasing the toxicity as well as restoring many of the physiological and biochemical functions in pesticide-induced toxicity.