The Effect of stem cell application on bone Regenerate during distraction osteogensis An Experimental Study

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the added effect of MSCs application in the distraction gap to improve bone quality. This study was conducted on fourteen young goats with average weight. Animals were equally divided into two groups; study and control group. The study group undergone the process of distraction osteogenesis aided with MSCs application whereas the control group undergone the distraction osteogenesis with no addition of MSCs. Both groups received distraction at rate one millimeter per day after seven days of latency period. In the study group; MSCs were applied (3 million cells) on two doses every 10 days, both study and control groups had 30 days of consolidation followed by sacrifice. Animal were examined clinically through the study. Samples were dissected from the animal cadavers after sacrifice to be assessed radiographically by cone beam computed tomography to assess distracted bone three dimension and bone density and histomorphometric assessment of bone samples stained by H&E and Trichrome Masson stain. Results were tabulated and assessed by independent sample T-test to assess statistical significance; Cohen’s d to assess sample size and concordance correlation coefficient to measure to assess the interexaminer error of assessment. Radiographic evaluation showed increase in distracted bone 3D but of no statistical significance which may be attributed to small sample size. Radiographically there was an increase in bone density with high statistical significance. Histomorphic evaluation showed highly significant improvement in bone trabeculae size and bone quality and decreased osteoid percentage indicating better healing.