Design of lead-free perovskite solar cell using Zn<inf>1-x</inf>Mg<inf>x</inf>O as ETL: SCAPS device simulation

Abstract

Significant efforts are being dedicated toward the development of high efficiency, low-cost lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this regard, the lead-free CH3NH3SnI3 is considered to be a promising candidate that can compete with lead halide perovskite. In this paper, the design of a lead-free PSC, using CH3NH3SnI3 as an absorber layer and Zinc Magnesium Oxide (Zn1-xMgxO) as electron transport layer (ETL), is presented. Different hole transport layers (HTLs) are analyzed to select the most suitable material for a better cell performance. The simulations are performed by using SCAPS-1D simulation tool. An optimization procedure is conducted to the PSC using Zn1-xMgxO with x = 0.25 as ETL and MASnBr3 as HTL provided an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.95 V, short circuit current density (Jsc) of 33.85 mA/cm2, a Fill Factor (FF) of 82.01% and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.33%.