Chemistry and treatment of water in Wadi – El Tumilat, East Delta, Egypt.

Abstract

The present study deals with the hydrogeochemistry and evaluation of ground and surface water in Wadi El Tumilat which is a part of the East Delta in Egypt. It lies between latitudes 30035\ and 30060\ N and longitude 31070\ and 32015\ E. Throughout the area of consideration the main groundwater aquifers are Quaternary aquifer which represented by 53 groundwater samples and Miocene aquifer represented by 10 groundwater samples. The majority of groundwater samples 65.1 % are related to brackish water, 19 % are fresh water and only 15.9 % are saline water. Chloride – Sodium chemical water type represents the majority of groundwater samples. According to the total dissolved salts, 14% and 86% of ground and surface water samples, respectively, are suitable for human drinking. The area suffering from the contamination with some minor constituents such strontium Sr2+, nitrate NO3- and borate B4O7-2 in the ground and surface water samples which have values excess the permissible limits. Treatment of water in the study area to render suitable water for drinking and irrigation was achieved. Layered double hydroxides such (Mg-Al-LDH) nanocomposite in this study were prepared by co-precipitation method. Modification of Mg-Al-LDH with four monomers (methacrylic acid (MAA), acetonitryl (AC), dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) and 1, 4 dioxane. Characterization of the prepared LDHs which are Mg-Al LDH, Mg-Al-MAA LDH, Mg-Al-AC LDH, Mg-Al-DMSO LDH and Mg-Al-DO LDH. Where done by FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HNMR) and the morphology by