EFFECT OF MECHANICAL PLANTING ON PRODUCTION OF SUGAR BEET YIELD" A STUDY ON THE PERFORMANCE OF TWO SUGAR-BEET PLANTERS ONE OF THEM MANUFACTURED AND DEVELOPED TO SUIT SMALL HOLDINGS

Abstract

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION Precision planting of sugar beet by using planters is very important. It improves the characteristics of beet root, sugar contents and increasing the beet production. The current research was devoted to test two types of precision planters in planting sugar beet comparing with the traditional manual method. Two push type planters were used the first planter was Germany made. It works on flat land with one row, while the second one was modified and manufactured locally to sow on flat and furrow land with two rows. The present study included the following main factors:• -Two types of planters. -Four tillage depths (15,25, 30 and 40 cm). -Three distances between row (50, 55 and 60 cm apart). -Three distance between hills within the row(10, 15 and 20 cm). The previous factor affects on the following:• 5.1. Seed scattering -The maximum values of longitudinal and transverse scattering were 4.5 and 7 .0 cm they were resulted from one row planting machine on flat land and 20 cm distance between hills by using monogerm seeds. -The smallest values of longitudinal and transverse scattering were 1.15 and 1.40 cm resulted from two rows machine on furrow land and 10 cm distance between hills by using multigerm seeds. -Increasing distance between hills from 10 to 20 cm longitudinal scattering increased by 51.61,29.23 and 33.33 % for two rows planting machine on furrow land, two rows machine on flat land and one row on flat land respectively. While by increasing distance between hills from 10 to 20 cm the transverse scattering increased by 33.33, 40.82 and 50.71 % at the same conditions. -Usually, the distribution uniformity of seeds over the area was decreased by increasing both of longitudinal and transverse scattering, and subsequently sugar beet production was decreased. It was noticed that the hoeing machines could not work successfully after germination, by increasing transverse scattering. 5.2. Percentage of sells consist one and two seeds -The highest percentage value of cells having one seed was 97 .8 % for two rows machine on furrow land and 10 cm distance between hills by using multigerm seeds. The smallest percentage value of cells having one seed was 84.2 % for one row machine on flat land and 20 cm distance between hills using to sow monogerm seeds. 106

-The largest percentage value of cells having two seeds was 15. 80 % for one row machine on flat land and 20 cm distance between hills using monogerm seeds. The smallest percentage value of cells having two seeds was 2.2 % for two rows machine on furrow land and IO cm distance between hills by using multigerm seeds.