Histological Effect of Platelet Rich Plasma Versus Adipose Tissue Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Liver fibrosis in Albino Rat

Abstract

Liver cirrhosis is a significant lethal health problem all over the world. Liver transplantation is the only efficient treatment. Unfortunately, it is limited due to many obstacles. Therefore, alternative treatments are required for cirrhosis. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) and adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) are a challenging measure for treatment of cirrhosis. This study aimed to assess the effect of PRP versus ADSCs on Carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) experimentally induced liver fibrosis in adult female albino rats. Forty two adult albino female rats of average weight 200 gm were included in this study. In addition to twenty young-weaned rats (five males and fifteen female) of average weight 80-90 grams were used for preparation of PRP and ADSCs. The adult female rats were divided into three main groups: Group I: Control group: 18 rats were subdivided into 3 subgroups 6 rats each: Subgroup IA: 6 rats that received nothing and served as negative control. Subgroup IB: 6 rats that received 0.5 ml of olive oil intraperitoneal (vehicle of CCL4). Subgroup IC: 6 rats that received 1 ml of PBS in caudal vein (vehicle of stem cells). Group II: CCL4 treated group: 12 rats for induction of liver fibrosis and were subdivided into 2 subgroups 6 rats each: Subgroup IIA: 6 rats that received CCL4 by intraperitoneal injection in dose of 0.5 mg/kg twice weekly and after six weeks they were sacrificed. For preparation, 20mg. of CCL4 were dissolved in 100 ml. of olive oil. Each rat received 0.5 ml of the solution twice weekly. Subgroup IIB: 6 that rats received CCL4 in the same dose and route as subgroup IIA, but they were sacrificed after another 4 weeks from the last CCL4 dose. Group III: PRP and ADSCs treated group: 12 rats were subdivided into 2 subgroups 6 rats each: Subgroup IIIA: 6 rats that received CCL4 for induction of fibrosis as in group II for six weeks then received PRP injection subcutaneously in a dose of 1ml/kg twice weekly for four weeks and then were sacrificed. Subgroup IIIB: 6 rats that received also CCL4 for induction of fibrosis as in group II for six weeks but then received ADSCs injection in caudal vein in a dose of 3x106 cells/rat in 1 ml PBS and were sacrificed after four weeks.