A Comparative Study of Using Ondansetron with Dexamethasone or Ondansetron with Haloperidol in Prophylaxis Against Post-Operative Nausea and Vomiting after Elective Laparoscopic Abdominal Surgeries

Abstract

Laparoscopic surgery is associated with a remarkably high risk of post-operative nausea and vomiting. the reasons for this high rate of PONV include mechanical factors (such as pressure on the stomach and gut caused by the pneumoperitoneum), neural factors (such as vagal reflexes elicited by irritation of parasympathetic nerve endings in the abdomen), and chemical factors (which include speculative considerations regarding a possible influence of CO2 on PONV). Postoperative nausea and vomiting are usually self-limiting but if persistent or severe, can cause medical complications such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalance and delay in patient’s discharge. The aim of the study was to compare between the effect of combination of ondansetron with haloperidol and ondansetron with dexamethasone on prophylaxis against postoperative nausea and vomiting in laparoscopic abdominal surgeries. After approval of anesthesiology department, scientific and ethical committees in Ain Shams University Hospitals, patients were included in the study, and were divided into two groups (n=25; each); group A (the ondansetron plus dexamethasone group) and Group B (the ondansetron plus haloperidol group). · Group A (the ondansetron plus dexamethasone group): Patients (n=25) of this group treated with intravenous 8 mg of dexamethasone plus 4 mg ondansetron that was given immediately after induction of anesthesia.