Behavior of unbonded pre-stressing concrete beams with thermal insulation coating

Abstract

Pre-stressing concrete is commonly used in construction. One of the challenges that pre-stressing concrete (PC) faces is that fire exposure reduces the strength and serviceability of PC elements, which requires unique design considerations. The pre-stressing strands are more sensitive to high-temperature, deform larger than mild steel, and break quicker. This research investigates the thermal and structural response of totally unbonded pre-stressing T-beams subjected to increased temperatures and continuous service loads. Thermal coating was proposed to avoid damage and load carrying capacity reduction under fire loading. Seven medium-sized post-tensioned concrete beams were tested in a fire exposure (600°C for 3 h) in order to examine the effect of the following variables: presence of thermal coating, the use of different pre-stressing ratios, increasing the concrete cover, and studying the fire effect at the end anchor, which represents the weakest point at the unbonded system. The proposed insulating technique improved pre-stressing beam behavior during fire exposure by improving crack distribution and lowering strength loss. The thermally insulated beam with a high pre-stressing ratio attained 99.3% of the control specimen load carrying capacity, compared to 86% for the unprotected beam. The deflection of the thermally isolated beam was 7.8 mm, compared to 22.7 mm for the unprotected specimen after 180 min of fire exposure. The use of low pre-stressing ratio caused the insulated pre-stressing strands to rapidly deform with low increases in temperature, which caused rapid crack formation.