Discovering novel optical solitons of two CNLSEs with coherent and incoherent nonlinear coupling in birefringent optical fibers

Abstract

This article explores a wide range of envelope soliton pulses and their behavior during propagation through a birefringent optical fiber. The propagation of light in such fibers is governed by two coupled non-linear Schrödinger equations (CNLSEs), which account for both coherent and incoherent non-linear couplings. To investigate these solitons, an improved modified extended tanh function scheme (IMETFS) is employed. The study focuses on elliptical core optical fibers and examines the significance of various optical solitons in the presence of group-velocity dispersion and third-order nonlinearity. The findings illustrate that birefringent optical fibers can generate a diverse array of nonlinear periodic waves and localized pulses. The different types of soliton solutions identified include singular, bright, rational, exponential, Jacobi elliptic functions (JEFs), Weierstrass elliptic doubly periodic solutions, and singular periodic solutions. Comparisons with existing literature highlight the novelty and substantive contributions of the discovered wave solutions to current research in nonlinear optics. The success of this approach suggests its potential applicability in addressing nonlinear challenges across different fields, particularly in soliton theory, where similar models are frequently encountered. Additionally, the article presents visual representations of these solutions through 3D and 2D plots, aiding in the understanding of their behaviors.