Extraction and Characterization of Sodium Alginates Extracted from Sargassum muticum and Turbinaria conoides

Abstract

This study was designed to investigate the physio chemical characterizes of Sodium alginates extracted from two species algae of brown algae using different extraction methods HCl, Hot, CaCl2, and EDTA. The extraction yield, chemical components, gelling and melting point, viscosity, intrinsic viscosity, molecular weight and M/G ratio were determined. The obtained sodium alginates were characterized using FT-IR spectrophotometer and compared with commercial sodium alginates. The results indicated that Sodium alginates extracted from Turbinaria conoides had the highest yield 49.33% using EDTA method. The carbohydrates content ranged from 74.26 to 78.09% for Turbinaria conoides and 72.77 to 78.31% for Sargassum muticum. Sargassum muticum had the lower viscosity values compared with Turbinaria conoides which had the highest value of gelling point 46.6 ⁰C using CaCl2 method. The melting point was between 80.60 to 90.67 ⁰C for both species. The highest intrinsic viscosity and molecular weight were 31.12 dl/g and 2.64×105 g/mol for Turbinaria conoides. The M/G ratio for sodium alginates extracted from Turbinaria conoides was higher than Sargassum muticum for all extraction methods